C0 Morphology
2012-Aug-05, Sunday 16:19![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
qiihoskehI've been working on C0 this weekend. The phonology and the borrowed vocabulary are similar to C1. The inflected word classes are noun, adjective, verb, and postposition. All roots end in consonants (more-or-less). Most class-dependent inflections are suffixes.
Nouns are inflected for number and function (singular, plural, copular, attributive, infinitive, and adjunctive), but not case; this allows the obviation indexes to be appended to the noun. One of the indexes also marks the noun as the recipient or location argument.
Postpositions are inflected for singular, plural, copular, attributive, depictive, and resultative. Stative and inceptive verbs can be derived from postpositions.
Verb forms belong to either the independent order (finite and adjunctive forms) or the coreferential order (infinitives and everything else). Finite verbs are inflected for tense or mood (past, present, future, subjunctive, and imperative) and grammatical voice/alignment (direct, inverse, and reflexive). Adjunctive forms are inflected for aspect (retrospective or stative, progressive or inceptive, and prospective) and voice. Infinitives are inflected for voice. The remaining forms (singular, plural, copular, attributive, depictive, and resultative) are inflected for aspect.
Verbs also distinguish argument structure, the major difference being valence.
Adjectives are similar to static univalent verbs except that they have forms for manner adverbs, lack imperative forms, and have simpler depictive and resultative forms.
Polarity, contrafactual mood, and personal agreement are marked by prefixes.
Personal agreement is marked on bivalent, trivalent, and independent order univalent forms. Bivalent and trivalent verbs can also have bilocal person prefixes. 3rd person markers (proximative, inanimate, or one of the indexes) can be prefixed only if no local argument (1st person, 2nd person, or inclusive person) appears and only if no corresponding noun phrase appears. Although dependent marking is effectively dative, head marking is secundative, the 2nd argument marked on the verb being the recipient.
Nouns are inflected for number and function (singular, plural, copular, attributive, infinitive, and adjunctive), but not case; this allows the obviation indexes to be appended to the noun. One of the indexes also marks the noun as the recipient or location argument.
Postpositions are inflected for singular, plural, copular, attributive, depictive, and resultative. Stative and inceptive verbs can be derived from postpositions.
Verb forms belong to either the independent order (finite and adjunctive forms) or the coreferential order (infinitives and everything else). Finite verbs are inflected for tense or mood (past, present, future, subjunctive, and imperative) and grammatical voice/alignment (direct, inverse, and reflexive). Adjunctive forms are inflected for aspect (retrospective or stative, progressive or inceptive, and prospective) and voice. Infinitives are inflected for voice. The remaining forms (singular, plural, copular, attributive, depictive, and resultative) are inflected for aspect.
Verbs also distinguish argument structure, the major difference being valence.
Adjectives are similar to static univalent verbs except that they have forms for manner adverbs, lack imperative forms, and have simpler depictive and resultative forms.
Polarity, contrafactual mood, and personal agreement are marked by prefixes.
Personal agreement is marked on bivalent, trivalent, and independent order univalent forms. Bivalent and trivalent verbs can also have bilocal person prefixes. 3rd person markers (proximative, inanimate, or one of the indexes) can be prefixed only if no local argument (1st person, 2nd person, or inclusive person) appears and only if no corresponding noun phrase appears. Although dependent marking is effectively dative, head marking is secundative, the 2nd argument marked on the verb being the recipient.
